Initial project

app/Models/Conversation.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Models;
+
+use Database\Factories\ConversationFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Attributes\Fillable;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+
+#[Fillable(['created_by_id', 'type', 'name', 'description'])]
+class Conversation extends Model
+{
+    /** @use HasFactory<ConversationFactory> */
+    use HasFactory;
+
+    public const string TypeDirect = 'direct';
+
+    public const string TypeGroup = 'group';
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
+    public function creator(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by_id');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<ConversationParticipant, $this>
+     */
+    public function participants(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(ConversationParticipant::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsToMany<User, $this>
+     */
+    public function users(): BelongsToMany
+    {
+        return $this->belongsToMany(User::class, 'conversation_participants')
+            ->withPivot(['role', 'joined_at', 'last_read_at', 'muted_until'])
+            ->withTimestamps();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Message, $this>
+     */
+    public function messages(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(Message::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return HasOne<Message, $this>
+     */
+    public function latestMessage(): HasOne
+    {
+        return $this->hasOne(Message::class)->latestOfMany();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param  Builder<Conversation>  $query
+     * @return Builder<Conversation>
+     */
+    public function scopeForUser(Builder $query, User|int $user): Builder
+    {
+        $userId = $user instanceof User ? $user->id : $user;
+
+        return $query->whereHas('participants', fn (Builder $participants) => $participants
+            ->where('user_id', $userId));
+    }
+
+    public function isGroup(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->type === self::TypeGroup;
+    }
+}

app/Models/ConversationParticipant.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Models;
+
+use Database\Factories\ConversationParticipantFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Attributes\Fillable;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+
+#[Fillable(['conversation_id', 'user_id', 'role', 'joined_at', 'last_read_at', 'muted_until'])]
+class ConversationParticipant extends Model
+{
+    /** @use HasFactory<ConversationParticipantFactory> */
+    use HasFactory;
+
+    public const string RoleAdmin = 'admin';
+
+    public const string RoleMember = 'member';
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, string>
+     */
+    protected function casts(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'joined_at' => 'datetime',
+            'last_read_at' => 'datetime',
+            'muted_until' => 'datetime',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Conversation, $this>
+     */
+    public function conversation(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(Conversation::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
+    public function user(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
+    }
+}

app/Models/Message.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Models;
+
+use Database\Factories\MessageFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Attributes\Fillable;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+
+#[Fillable(['conversation_id', 'user_id', 'type', 'body', 'metadata', 'edited_at'])]
+class Message extends Model
+{
+    /** @use HasFactory<MessageFactory> */
+    use HasFactory;
+
+    public const string TypeText = 'text';
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, string>
+     */
+    protected function casts(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'metadata' => 'array',
+            'edited_at' => 'datetime',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Conversation, $this>
+     */
+    public function conversation(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(Conversation::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
+    public function sender(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'user_id');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
+    public function user(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
+    }
+}

app/Models/User.php

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+<?php
+
+namespace App\Models;
+
+// use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\MustVerifyEmail;
+use Database\Factories\UserFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Attributes\Fillable;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Attributes\Hidden;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
+use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
+use Illuminate\Support\Str;
+use Laravel\Fortify\TwoFactorAuthenticatable;
+
+#[Fillable(['name', 'email', 'password'])]
+#[Hidden(['password', 'two_factor_secret', 'two_factor_recovery_codes', 'remember_token'])]
+class User extends Authenticatable
+{
+    /** @use HasFactory<UserFactory> */
+    use HasFactory, Notifiable, TwoFactorAuthenticatable;
+
+    /**
+     * Get the attributes that should be cast.
+     *
+     * @return array<string, string>
+     */
+    protected function casts(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
+            'password' => 'hashed',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<ConversationParticipant, $this>
+     */
+    public function conversationParticipants(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(ConversationParticipant::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsToMany<Conversation, $this>
+     */
+    public function conversations(): BelongsToMany
+    {
+        return $this->belongsToMany(Conversation::class, 'conversation_participants')
+            ->withPivot(['role', 'joined_at', 'last_read_at', 'muted_until'])
+            ->withTimestamps();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Message, $this>
+     */
+    public function messages(): HasMany
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(Message::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the user's initials
+     */
+    public function initials(): string
+    {
+        return Str::of($this->name)
+            ->explode(' ')
+            ->take(2)
+            ->map(fn ($word) => Str::substr($word, 0, 1))
+            ->implode('');
+    }
+}